What is Solar Energy? Solar energy is a form of renewable energy that is derived from the sun's light and heat. It is harnessed through the use of photovoltaic (PV) cells, which are used to conv…
What is Hall effect? The Hall effect is a phenomenon where a voltage is generated perpendicular to an electric current in a conductor in the presence of a magnetic field. The Hall voltage, also kno…
Motion in E and B fields Electric (E) and magnetic (B) fields are two fundamental fields that govern the behavior of charged particles. Motion in an electric field A charged particle moving in an el…
What is Ampere’s law? Ampere's law is a fundamental principle in electromagnetism that relates the magnetic field (B) to the current (I) that produces it. The law states that the magnetic field…
Field Due to Moving Charge Particles Electric and magnetic fields are generated by a moving charge according to Maxwell's equations. The electric field (E) due to a moving charge can be describ…
What is divergence? The divergence of a vector field is a scalar quantity that describes the rate of change of the field with respect to position. It is a measure of how much the field is spreading …
What is the refractive index? The refractive index (n) of a material is a dimensionless quantity that describes how much light is bent when it passes from one medium to another. The refractive index …